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Lift axles, also known as retractable axles auxiliary axles, or auxiliary lift axles, are extra axles on trucks and trailers that can be raised and lowered. This functionality offers several advantages, making them popular additions for many drivers.
When a truck is empty or carrying a light load, the driver can raise the lift axle, reducing the number of tires in contact with the road. This brings several benefits, including improved fuel economy, reduced tire wear, and increased maneuverability.
Lift axles use either air pressure or hydraulics to raise and lower the axle.
An air ride system utilizes air bags filled with compressed air to raise and lower the axle.
A hydraulic system, on the other hand, uses pressurized fluid to achieve the same function. Both systems are controlled by a switch or button in the cab, allowing the driver to easily adjust the lift axle position based on the load and road conditions.
Trucks have lift axles for several beneficial reasons:
Every extra tire on the road adds weight and rolling resistance, forcing the engine to work harder. When a truck is empty or carries a light load, the lift axle becomes unnecessary weight. By raising the lift axle, drivers can significantly improve fuel mileage, especially on empty or partially loaded trips.
Every mile driven puts wear and tear on a truck’s tires. By lifting the lift axle when unnecessary, drivers can minimize tire wear. This translates to extended tire life, saving money on replacements and reducing downtime due to tire issues.
Additionally, lifting the axle reduces stress on the axle assembly itself, extending its lifespan and lowering maintenance costs.
Many roads and bridges are not rated for excessive weight unless the trailer is properly rated with the correct amount of axles to distribute the weight.
For example, an 95,000 lbs load on four sets of wheels puts a lot of pressure onto a smaller surface area. Adding lift axles allows for more weight to be distributed evenly across a larger surface area.
With better weight distribution, forces exerted on the tires are reduced, which allows truckers to carry heavier loads. Weight limits vary from state to state and transporting loads across multiple state lines might call for different displacement.
Failure to comply with state laws could result in fines for the driver or the operator.
Having an extra set of tires on auxiliary axles underneath a trailer can make a significant difference in ride feel, especially when the road’s surface is unpaved.
There are two main types of lift axles, each offering advantages depending on the application:
A steerable lift axle turns with the front wheels, improving maneuverability at low speeds, especially for tight corners. This is particularly beneficial for trucks navigating urban environments or construction sites with limited space.
Steerable axles are typically more complex and expensive compared to the non-steerable option.
A steerable lift axle turns with the front wheels, improving maneuverability at low speeds, especially for tight corners. This is particularly beneficial for trucks navigating urban environments or construction sites with limited space.
Steerable axles are typically more complex and expensive compared to the non-steerable option.
This type of lift axle simpler and more cost-effective design. It raises and lowers like a steerable axle but doesn’t turn with the front wheels. This makes it a good choice for trailers where maneuverability at low speeds is less critical.
Non-steerable lift axles are generally lighter and easier to install on trailers compared to their steerable counterparts.
Installing a lift axle on a trailer is a complex task that requires specialized equipment and expertise. It’s important to leave this job to qualified mechanics to ensure proper installation, safety, and compliance with regulations.
Here’s a general breakdown of the process to give you an idea of what’s involved:
The mechanics will thoroughly inspect the trailer frame to ensure it can handle the additional weight and stress of the lift axle. Measurements will be taken to determine the optimal placement for the axle assembly.
The lift axle assembly, which includes the axle itself, suspension system (air ride or hydraulic), and control components, will be positioned on the trailer frame. This typically involves welding the assembly securely to specific points on the frame.
The chosen air ride or hydraulic system components will be installed. This includes air bags, lines, valves, and a reservoir for air systems, or pumps, lines, and actuators for hydraulic systems.
The controls for raising and lowering the lift axle will be connected to the trailer’s braking system and electrical system. This ensures the lift axle operates safely and in sync with the trailer’s brakes.
After installation is complete, the mechanics will thoroughly test the lift axle system. This includes checking for proper operation of the raising and lowering mechanism, verifying there are no leaks in the air ride or hydraulic system, and ensuring the lift axle interacts correctly with the trailer’s brakes.
It’s crucial contract qualified mechanics with experience installing lift axles. Improper installation can lead to safety hazards, including axle failure, suspension malfunctions, and braking system issues.
Local regulations regarding lift axles may exist. Ensure the installation complies with any weight restrictions, bridge laws, or permitting requirements in the area of your operation.
Ensuring you have the right commercial truck insurance coverage in place is equally important for the safety and financial well-being of your trucking business.
Get a free truck insurance quote from us today to compare rates and coverage options from over 30+ providers. By having the right insurance in place, you can protect yourself from unexpected financial burdens in case of accidents, injuries, or other covered events.
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